If G1 and G2 both equal −25 μV, what is the output voltage?

In the context of this question, when considering the output voltage with both G1 and G2 at -25 μV, you need to understand how voltages work in relation to one another. When two voltages of equal magnitude but opposite signs are present, they effectively cancel each other out.

Here, both G1 and G2 are negative and equal in value, which means that when combined, they will sum to zero. In electrical terms, if you add two voltages that are -25 μV, the calculation looks like this:

-25 μV + (-25 μV) = -25 μV - 25 μV = -50 μV.

However, in the context of output calculation, it’s essential to consider how these are treated in inference—especially when the context indicates that they are meant to counterbalance. Therefore, as both are equal in magnitude but with no additional positive voltage to offset them, the resultant output is effectively zero.

Hence, the output voltage in this case is 0 μV, indicating that G1 and G2 do not contribute to an overall output voltage due to their equal and opposite values.