What is associated with the physiologic effects of sleep deprivation?

Sleep deprivation has been shown to lead to several physiologic effects, one of the most significant being decreased immune function and increased stress hormones. During sleep, particularly during deep sleep and REM sleep, the body is engaged in vital processes that help regulate the immune system and maintain homeostasis. When sleep is insufficient, it can impair the body's ability to produce cytokines and other immune responses, making an individual more susceptible to infections and illnesses.

Additionally, lack of sleep triggers a rise in stress hormones such as cortisol, which can lead to various negative health outcomes, including elevated blood pressure and increased feelings of stress and anxiety. This physiological response is a part of the body's fight-or-flight mechanism, which can become dysregulated with chronic sleep deprivation, exacerbating health issues over time. Understanding these associations highlights the importance of adequate sleep for maintaining overall health and well-being.